Mathematics can be broadly categorized into four main types, each encompassing a wide range of concepts and applications:

1. Arithmetic

• Deals with basic number operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
• Fundamental for everyday calculations.
• Includes concepts like percentages, ratios, and exponents.

2. Algebra

• Focuses on the use of symbols and letters to represent numbers and expressions.
• Involves solving equations, inequalities, and understanding functions.
• Forms the basis for advanced mathematics and real-world problem-solving.

3. Geometry

• Concerned with the properties and relationships of shapes, sizes, and figures in space.
• Includes the study of angles, triangles, circles, and polygons, as well as concepts like symmetry and transformations.

4. Calculus

• Studies change and motion through derivatives and integrals.
• Used in advanced fields like physics, engineering, and economics.
• Divided into differential calculus (rates of change) and integral calculus (accumulation of quantities).

In addition to these core types, mathematics also includes branches like statistics, probability, number theory, and discrete mathematics.